What Is the Difference Between an Essay, a Dissertation and a Thesis?


These three assignment types; essays, dissertations and theses are all important to students because at some point in the life of a student, there will be the request to complete at least one of the assignment types listed above!
Essays, dissertations and theses are all types of academic documents, produced by scholars and students and based on a specific question, subject matter or dilemma. They are used by colleges, schools, sixth forms and Universities as a means of determining how well a student is performing in a certain subject area and how well they have grasped crucial knowledge about a particular subject. And yet essays, dissertations and theses’ are also often used to see how well a student is able to respond to specific questions on a particular subject matter and how well developed their skills are in terms of actually writing essays.
So what exactly is an essay? What is a dissertation? And what is a thesis?
The online dictionary defines an essay as; ‘(a) a short literary composition on a literary subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author, (b) something resembling such a composition.’
The online dictionary goes on to define a dissertation as; ‘a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research, usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree.’
And finally a thesis shares the same definition as a dissertation on the online dictionary website, with one crucial difference; a thesis is usually longer than a dissertation.
So ultimately an essay, a dissertation and a thesis all share many traits:

  • They are all literary compositions; that is to say that they are written documents or pieces of text.
  • They all reflect in some way the author’s point of view.
  • They are all based on some form of research.
  • They are all discussing some form of topic or subject matter.
  • They can all be used as a means of academic testing.
    However, there are differences between these three academic assignment types, and when you are completing either an essay, a dissertation or a thesis it is important to know what it is that defines the document as either one of these forms or assignment types so that you can ensure that you approach the completion of the document correctly.
    Some of the main differences separating out these three document types are:
  • Essays are generally shorter than dissertations and theses.
  • Essays are usually used to explore an argument or to provide more information on a particular subject. Thus you’ll find that most essay questions start with ‘who, what, where, how or why’. They are looking for a conclusion to be drawn by the author, following an assessment of research that is already available.
  • Dissertations are usually looking for the author to find new evidence to draw a conclusion about a specific subject matter, as the definition states, to ‘advance a new point of view’. This means that dissertations are looking to add to the research pool on a specific subject, not simply discuss research that is already available.
  • Theses usually hold the same aims and goals as dissertations, but the level of exploration and investigation into a particular subject matter is greater, and so the length of a thesis is generally longer than that of a dissertation.

Mortgage Assignment – Three Keys For Profit Success


The Mortgage Assignment is the all new, no risk strategy invented by the Guru of Guru’s Investor Phill Grove. It promotes a no risk; no money down investment strategy that essentially allows the seller of home to sell his house while the existing bank loan stays in place, enabling a buyer to buy a home without getting their own financing.
To take advantage of this system there are three key things that the real estate investor must master.
M.A. Key 1
Finding the deal:
In today’s market, there are millions of home that have little, to no, or even negative equity. For various reasons, the owners of these homes want or need to sell. Traditionally, Realtor/closing costs have been paid out of the equity in the home, but if you don’t’ have any equity then it has to come out of pocket.
This means a $5,000 to $30,000 bill.
OUCH!
Most sellers can’t afford that.
Mortgage Assignment style marketing basically targets this particular type of motivated seller. You must master this to get the deal
M.A. Key 2
Finding a buyer:
Since the banks have become very strict on lending for homes. The number of buyers looking Mortgage Assignment style financing has exploded.
That means that Mortgage Assignment type homes have become magnetic. I myself have generated 15 to 30 calls a day on these homes (using proper marketing).
You must master this if you going to find a buyer for the home and make the big bucks off the down payment
M.A. Key 3
Doing the contract:
Doing the contract is essential to making a no risk deal that protects you, the seller and buyer. The Mortgage Assignment Profits System does this and you will have get this handled to start making risk free money.
At the same, if you don’t’ get this handled, you, the buyers and seller are all at risk. So you must be careful, the investor in this situation has an obligation to protect everyone in a win/win scenario so everybody comes out on top.
As you see, there is a lot of opportunity out there with a mortgage assignment profits system in place. Get the three keys above handled and you will be rocking and rolling the real estate investing world.

How To Buy An Assignment Condo


In the past few years, some cities around the world have experienced booming condo construction markets. These condos are purchased by investors from around the world in addition to some local end users. For investors who bought a new condo from a Developer several years earlier and whose current plans have changed, this is an opportunity to sell before they have to incur closing costs and Developer levies. For buyers who want a brand new condo without having to wait years for construction to finish, or who cannot find what they want in the resale market, Assignments offer a greater selection AND potential savings.
An “Assignment” means you are taking over the contract that the original purchaser holds with a Developer. This works really well if you have a large cash down payment available, although sometimes a smaller amount can be negotiated. Generally what happens is you pay an amount equivalent to the purchaser’s deposits to the Developer PLUS the purchaser’s profit (the difference between the original purchase price from many years ago and today’s selling price). You then are able to move into the condo when it reaches the occupancy stage. When the building registers, you then take out a mortgage and pay the balance owing on the condo to the Developer.
It sounds complicated and it is. However, as long as you hire a real estate agent and a lawyer who are competent and experienced in handling Assignment sales, the process is very straightforward. The advantage to you is that the Assignment market tends to be a Buyer’s Market — there are often many listings in these markets and few buyers — which means that you can often get a great deal on a brand new condo with little or no competition from other buyers.
That said, locating Assignment sales can be difficult. Generally, Developers do not allow Assignments to be advertised on the Multiple Listing Service systems so these listings are offered by brokerages as Exclusive listings. Some real estate brokerages hold a large number of Exclusive Assignment listings in-house. In addition, these brokerages network on a regular basis with other agents in their market who have Assignment listings, which makes it easier to find listings that meet a buyer’s criteria.
Once an agent locates potential properties for you, if they are experienced in this area, they can help you understand the specific details offered by each Assignment such as purchase costs, closing costs, understanding floor plans, upgrades, and many other details. In some cases, the building may have reached occupancy and you can actually view the condo already built. In other cases, you will be buying from Developer plans just like buying a pre-construction condo.
When you are ready to make an offer on an Assignment, you’ll need a carefully structured Assignment contract. You then need to work closely with your Buyer’s Agent, your lawyer, the Developer’s office, and the listing agent to make sure your best interests are protected throughout the transaction.
The most important thing is to hire a Buyer’s Agent, but be sure to ask them whether they have done an Assignment in the past and HOW MANY assignments have they done. Many agents have never done even one and you just might be their guinea pig!

Smartphone Apps for Students


When smartphones first came out, many schools banned them because students used them during class to play games or even cheat. However, as time has progressed, so have the apps for smartphones. Sure, there are still plenty of games that are out there, but there are now more apps that can help students on a day to day basis. Students now have the option to download apps that fit their study needs and help promote productive students and study times.
myHomework is a free app that can be very helpful for someone who has trouble remembering when assignments are due and what they are. The free app lets you track your classes and class schedule as well as organize homework assignments for all of your classes. You can also input when you have a test or an assignment due. It gives you an easy way to view of your assignments; a calendar view has your assignments organized by date, and when you click on a date it gives you a list of your assignments due. The only downside to this app may be that you have to register the app on their website so that you can sync your computer to your smartphone.
Another app is called Evernote. This app has won many awards and is highly recommended for just about anyone, not just students. It is very user friendly and allows you to record video, take photos, and take notes so you can remember everything possible. The app also can sync up to your computer or other device so no matter where you are you have your notes. It has other features like note sharing and collaboration of projects with friends, classmates or coworkers. You can even save your favorite webpages with links and everything on that page, plan your next trip with itineraries, maps, and official travel documents, or take pictures or notes of items you like online or in person so you can always remember it.
If you need help studying and your normal study tool is a set of flash cards, this next app is for you. gWhiz, LLC has an app available in iTunes called gFlash+ Flashcards & Tests. The app is great for any type of student, whether in high school or graduate school. gFlash+ is a free app that allows you to create and edit you own flash cards, and you can even add different aids to your cards like video or audio clips. You can even integrate your Google Docs with this app so you can create spreadsheets then upload them into your app. When you use your app for studying you can shuffle or scramble your cards, create different card groups, or combine or mix you decks of cards.
If you have an iPhone, Blackberry, or an Android phone, be sure to use it to your advantage. Don’t abuse the chance to use your smartphone apps for class by playing games or texting friends during class. Some instructors will allow you to use your smartphone during class if it will help you academically. Of course, if you take your classes online they can’t tell if you are using your phone, but you might as well use helpful apps so you aren’t distracted during class, even online.

What is the Bible?


This is the Book Christians trust to direct them in their faith in God. This is a fundamental part of a Christians life for it teaches you how to grow in your salvation. Many trust it for it is the voice of God directly in you. This is the Living Word of God. It is incorruptible and will never change. It has power today, did 2000 years ago and will still have it 5000 years to come. Without this book, the Christian faith is baseless and meaningless.
God uses the Bible to speak to us. He does not have to speak to you directly but can chose to direct you to a chapter or a verse in this Holy book. He has done this for me innumerable times and so has he for millions of Christians all over the world. All you need to do is trust that word and obey it. This book is very much alive for it is the word of God.
God intended for Christians to use the power given to them in the Bible to fight trials and temptations. Whatever you are going through, find a relevant scripture in this mighty book and denounce your situation. If God could do it for the people featured in this book, he can also do it for you. Find encouragement, strength and comfort in this book too. Whatever you do not understand, ask God to give you wisdom and knowledge. Ask that he may reveal the truth in his word as you read through this powerful book.

Mortgage Assignment – No Money Down Investing – Honest!


Let’s face it, there is a lot of “hype” in the Real Estate Investing World and no shortage of big promises like that of the Mortgage Assignment. In fact, I can’t tell how many real estate investors I see that get sabotaged before they even get started, trying to avoid all the high priced “noise” that’s out there especially when it comes to the term “no money down investing.”
So when I put up a headline like “No Money Down Real Estate Investing” I fully expect, and even encourage you take it with a grain of salt.
After all, I don’t want you to end up with a heck of a lot of money on your credit cards like I did getting educated about no money down investing strategies.
That stated, I can tell you with a completely straight face that there is a legitimate No Money Down Real Estate Investing Strategy out there that works. Honest!
This is called the Mortgage Assignment or Mortgage Assignment Profits System (Maps) pioneered by Real Estate Investing Guru Phill Grove from Texas.
The mortgage assignment concept is a simple solution to two huge problems
No Money Down Investing Problem 1
The decline of the housing markets has caused a situation where millions of homeowners find their homes within 5% one way or another of their existing loans.
Due to loss of jobs, reductions in pay, or job relocation, a ton of these owners need or want to move.
The trouble, their homes have no equity and are not able to absorb the roughly 8 % commissions/closing costs typical when selling a home. These fees which would equal $16,000 on a $200,000 house would have to come out of the sellers pocket. They can’t afford it.
No Money Down Investing Problem 2
The lending squeeze by banks has created a situation where millions of would be home buyers, who used to qualify for loans, no longer get bank funding.
Regardless of what the bank says, the desire to live the “American Dream” and own your own home has not vanished and neither has the hope for real estate investors to find a way to do legitimate no money down investing.A
No Money Down Investing Solution
Pretty simple:
What if you could take the sellers who can’t sell their homes, and pair their houses and current loans with the buyers who can’t buy a home?
That would solve both problem, and since you as the investor just arranged the transaction, you have spent none of your own money; a true no money down investing deal.
This no cash down investing technique is what Phill Grove has done with Mortgage Assignment Profits System.
He has devised a legal, and ethical no money down investing way for the investor to pair the seller and buyer together, while receive the down payment as a fee which 5% to 20% minus closing costs.
Not a bad day’s work!
In a nutshell, this is how the mortgage assignment; a honest to goodness no money down strategy works…

Assignment Orders


I am not a lawyer, I am a Judgment and Collections Broker. This article is my opinion, based on my experience in California, and laws vary in each state. If you ever need legal advice or a strategy to use, please contact a lawyer.
What if your judgment debtor does not have a regular wage job, and gets paid by customers, relatives, renters or tenants, or most anyone else?
An assignment order might be the right (although paperwork intensive) way to try to satisfy your judgment. This article covers Assignment Orders (AOs) in California. It is very important to know your state laws, and if and how assignment orders are allowed.
Assignment orders are (noticed motion) court orders that require a new hearing, and must be served on the other parties. AOs may be able to capture most kinds of (current and future) non-wage income streams.
Because AOs are lawful alternatives to conventional levies, you do not (in California) need to get a writ of execution. Unlike regular levies, the money often gets turned over directly to you.
In some places, the court may require the sheriff to be the levying officer. If that is the case, you will need to have a registered process server open a sheriff levy file, and then have the AO served on the parties, and then file the proofs of service with the sheriff.
Assignment orders can capture most distributions, commissions, and almost any kind of K-1 income. If approved by a court, an AO instructs someone that owes money to your judgment debtor, to pay you instead of the judgment debtor.
Assignment orders are most useful when a debtor receives (non-exempt and non-retirement-based) income. Assignment orders may work, even when the debtor claims they are poor, because income is income. (Most truly poor debtors do not have income streams.)
Assignment orders can last as long as it takes to satisfy the judgment. Like most court orders and judgments, nothing is guaranteed. The judgment debtor could file for bankruptcy protection. Other things may happen to thwart any enforcement action or strategy.
In theory, assignment orders for non-exempt income, can ask for all of the income, not just 25% of the income, as most wage levies (garnishments) can reach.
If the judgment is small, or the debtor is rich, ask for 50-100%. If the judge does not think your proposed order is reasonable, compromise and aim for 25%. (Because CCP 708.510-f seems to be very similar to CCP 706.050.)
If the debtor is not rich, it may be smarter to ask for a percentage, instead of all of their income stream. In judgment enforcement, being too aggressive could increase the chance that the judgment debtor will file for bankruptcy protection.
Usually, judges do not rubber-stamp approvals on assignment orders for creditors. When the creditor clearly shows a synopsis of why an assignment order is appropriate, then a judge may approve their proposed order.
You could document why you have no other reasonable way to enforce the judgment. You could also document any prior court-endorsed expenses and attempts that did not satisfy the judgment.
Assignment orders can also be used to reach income originating from other judgments, when your debtor is the creditor. An AO can order the debtor of your debtor to pay you instead of them (or the sheriff). Again, consider asking for a percentage.
The first step for any AO is learning who is paying your judgment debtor. A debtor exam, could subpoena enough judgment debtor documentation and information, to learn who to serve assignment orders to. Some debtors will pay, when their clients call them, and ask what is going on?
Assignment orders can be general, and not list specific names. They can say “25% of all monies due to the judgment debtor from clients he performs accounting services for”. Then, you can serve the assignment order on whoever pays the debtor, including any of their new clients you later discover, after the assignment order is issued.
Another general example would be “The tenant residing at 22 First Street will pay you”. That way, if the tenant moves and someone new moves in, you can have the same assignment order served on the new tenant. If the judge will not allow a generic order, you can find out who is renting, one legal way or another.
Sometimes, after being served an assignment order, the third parties still pay the judgment debtor instead of you. Even if they mistakenly pay the judgment debtor, they still owe you that payment.
It is good practice to get certified copies of the AO, to quickly serve on parties and/or their lawyers, so they cannot claim they did not believe it to be genuine.
As with any courts hearings – with AOs; obeying court rules, state laws, and a substantial paperwork load is required.
Often, 5-6 parts (usually in 5-6 documents) are required. For example, an Assignment Order, (an optional) Restraining Order, a Memorandum of Points and Authorities, a Motion, a Notice of Motion (or Entry of Order), and Proofs Of Service, that are filed with the court.
The Notice of Motion (Entry of Order) and the Motion (Order) are sometimes combined into one document. You need to make several copies of all documents, schedule a hearing date at the court, and have the judgment debtor served everything.
In California, CCP 708.510 specifies the debtor can be served by mail. Bring the proof of service to the court, and appear at the court hearing.
If your order is granted, serve a copy of the order on the judgment debtor by mail, and the parties that will be paying you by mail first. If they do not respond, contact them politely, and if necessary, have them re-served personally.
Please consult with a lawyer when you do your first assignment order.

How to Profit by Assigning “Subject To” Purchase Options to Mortgage-Challenged Buyers


For those looking to get into real estate investing in today’s market, there is a unique way to profit without needing cash or credit, and without the risks or headaches of owning rental properties. In this article, I will show you how you can place unsellable homes under contract subject to the existing mortgage, and then assign the contract to a buyer who has not been able to qualify for a mortgage. Your profit is on average about 5% of the purchase price.
This is NOT Mortgage Assignment
One of the latest crazes going around the internet now, and many investors’ email boxes, is a concept called Mortgage Assignment. To those who may not be familiar with this, it sound like you are just assigning a mortgage from one person to another. Keep in mind that this is not the same as a mortgage assumption where the lender legally transfers the liability from the seller to the buyer. Rather, a mortgage assignment is no more than assigning the payments to the buyer, while the seller keeps the mortgage in his or her name. In the Mortgage Assignment program, the underlying transaction is still a sale subject to the existing mortgage. In either case, the seller of the property is still on the hook, credit-wise, if the mortgage does not get paid. What you will be doing is to find sellers who are willing to sell their property subject to the existing mortgage and market that property to a buyer who has some cash, but who can not qualify for a mortgage in today’s tougher underwriting standards.
Why You Don’t Need to be a Real Estate Agent
One of the first questions that comes up is how can you do this without being a real estate agent? Well, it is simple. What you will do is to get the seller to agree to you placing a purchase option on their now have an equitable interest in the property. You will be marketing your interest in the property to other buyers. This is no different than marketing your own property to buyers as FSBO.
Understanding “Subject to” Deals
In a “Subject to” or “Sub2” deal, you are buying the property subject to the existing financing. This means that the existing mortgage will not be paid off. If there is equity in the home that the seller wants to cash out, either the buyer would need to have the cash available, or the seller can agree to carry the payments in the form of a second mortgage. Typically, a Sub2 deal is done when there is little or no equity in the property, because the seller can’t afford to either pay off the mortgage at settlement, or pay any fees and commissions, or both. The alternatives to this are a short sale or a foreclosure, and neither of those are easy or pleasant.
The biggest issue that one faces with Sub2 deals is something called the Due on Sale Clause. What this means is that when the property is sold, the lender has the right to call the mortgage due, meaning the buyer would then have to refinance the property of the seller faces foreclosure. However, from the experience of almost all Sub2 investors, not once has a mortgage been called due on the sale. Many gurus teach all kind of tricks to avoid the lender being notified about the sale, including a Land Trust and Contract for Deed, but others will teach you to just be upfront with the lender and don’t lie or hide anything. The way a lender usually finds out about the sale is not when the new deed is recorded, but when the homeowner’s insurance policy has a new owner. In my Find and Assign package, I explain the due on sale clause in more detail and why it is not something you need to worry about.
The Seller’s Dilemma
Right now the market is perfect for doing Sub2 assignments. Many homes are now underwater, meaning the seller owes more on the mortgage than the house is worth. There are sellers who can no longer afford the payments on their mortgage and are either struggling to make the payments each month or are behind in their payments and are facing foreclosure. In Find and Assign, I have a matrix that shows the various options a seller has on getting rid of their property, along with the costs of each. If you are able to show a seller how he or she can walk away from their property and making the mortgage payments without affecting their credit, you have a motivated seller, and one who would be receptive to your offer.
The Buyer’s Dilemma
In the past, all you had to do to get a mortgage was to fog a mirror. This means you simply had to be alive! Banks and mortgage companies gave out loans to anyone who could fill out an application. There were no-doc loans, stated income loans, and loans for subprime buyers. Down payments we as low as zero. Flash forward to today. Now, you need to prove your income, provide two years of tax returns, bank statements, and have a credit score north of 680. What we have now are buyers who a few years ago could get a mortgage, but now who can’t. So, you are in the perfect position to sell unsellable homes to unloanable buyers, all by simply getting the seller to do a purchase option subject to the existing mortgage and assigning this agreement to a buyer for an assignment fee. The new buyer gets the deed at settlement, and pays the closing costs.
Finding Sellers
There are many ways to find sellers, including posting ads on Craigslist and newspaper classifieds. A sample ad can say “We buy homes with little or no equity. Get out from making any more mortgage payments.” One fantastic way to find sellers is to call real estate agents and ask them to provide you with leads of those who want to sell, but who can’t because they can’t come up with the cash to go to settlement. You can offer the agent a referral fee. If the agent is honest and says that he or she can’t accept a referral fee, you can still legally pay the agent by having the agent become your buyer’s agent. When you get the house under contract and then assign the contract to the end buyer, at settlement the agent would receive their legal commission, depending on what you agree upon. In Find and Assign, I go over many other ways to find sellers for the Sub2 Assignment program.
Finding Buyers
Of course, you need buyers to complete the deal and to make money. You can find buyers by running ads that say “Buy a home with no mortgage qualifying. 10% cash needed.” You can run these ads on Craigslist and newspaper classifieds. You can also call mortgage loan officers and ask them for leads on those who want to buy a house but who can’t qualify for a mortgage. What you may have to do is simply give these loan officers your info and have them give it to the wannabe buyers. You can offer a fee to the LO on any deal you do.
Writing the Agreement
There are two ways to do this. One way is to write up a simple real estate purchase agreement, where after your name you write “and/or assigns”. In the purchase price section, you would write the price, then “subject to the existing financing as detailed in Appendix A. In the appendix, you would list the balance of the mortgage or mortgages on the property, and the existing monthly payment. There are no special forms that are needed. It is only the wording that you have to use. The second way is to write up a purchase option on the home, using the same subject to language. You would then either assign the purchase agreement or the option to the new buyer. If you use a purchase agreement, you need to make sure you have the proper escape clauses that let you walk from the deal if you don’t find a buyer. You don’t want to actually purchase the property, and that is what the agreement says. With a purchase option, the seller is giving you the right to purchase the property, but you are not committed to do so. If you don’t find a buyer to assign the property to in a 90 day period, you just walk away.
When doing these deals, there are also some disclosures that need to be signed by the seller, namely disclosing the fact that the sale is subject to the existing mortgage and that the mortgage will remain in their name. You also disclose the potential for the Due on Sale Clause. What I always suggest is that before you get started with this, you find a real estate attorney who has done Sub2 deals before. You can find one the same way I did, on Craigslist! In Find and Assign, I share with you how I did this, and what questions you need to ask. You also may need a title agency to close the deal, and I cover that in Find and Assign. Your real estate attorney should also know of one to use.
Closing the Deal
All you really have to do is get the end Buyer to write you a certified check for your assignment fee after they do their due diligence on the property, including a title search, inspection and so on. The title search will show you any and all liens that are attached to the property, along with any judgments on the owner and any back taxes that are owed. You can use any title agency to do a search. The fee would be around $60 or so. You can either have the buyer do this or have the seller do it and make it available to potential buyers.
When you have a Buyer for the property, you want to refer them to your real estate attorney to get the deal closed. This way you have done your part to bring the two parties together and thus earn your assignment fee. The key is to have a real estate attorney involved in these deals and not to try a “kitchen table” close. You don’t want the seller of buyer coming at you because you did not disclose everything you should have. If you do this right, you can make a reasonable income by assigning just one or two properties per month. If you do a search online, you can pretty much find everything you need in forums and other sites. There are no special forms, other than a Purchase Option, Assignment of Purchase Option, Purchase Agreement and of course the CYA Disclosure Form. Other forms that are involved are an Authorization to Release Information and perhaps a Power of Attorney. If you find a real estate attorney who has done these deals, this person can provide you with all the forms you need.
To Learn More
In my Find and Assign package, I provide you with much more detailed information on how to do Sub2 Assignments. This is all found in one of the bonus packages in the form of a 42 page guide, plus all the forms and agreements you need, including a very detailed disclosure form. I teach you many ways to find sellers and buyers, and even show you how to get others to look at properties for you with no upfront cash. Along with this, you get a PowerPoint package that you can use with sellers, along with other useful tools and resources. There is no need to spend hundreds of dollars on courses or workshops. Once you understand how to find buyers and sellers, and know what forms you need to fill out, you can get started doing this with very little cash. All you really need is the motivation and dedication to place ads online, and what to say to those who call you from your ads. In Find and Assign, you even get scripts and information to send to sellers and buyers.

Medical Issues – Internationals Moving Into the United States


Employees relocating to the U.S. face significant challenges with the medical care system. Some of the information needed is how to work within the U.S. medical system, how to find a doctor, where to go in an emergency, and how to get help for emergencies
U. S. Medical Care
Medical care in the United States in general is of high quality. Many doctors and most hospitals are independent businesses that must generate enough revenue to continue business operations. U. S. medical care also uses the high technology available for laboratory and radiological testing. Unlike many other countries, the United States does not have socialized medical care except for the elderly and the indigent. U.S. medical care is a fee-for-service business, which means that payment at the time of service.
Confusing Insurance Plans
Many employers provide group health care insurance for the employee and the employee family members. Many employers pay part of the cost for this group insurance. The employee must pay a portion of the cost of this insurance. Group health insurance plans take many forms – Indemnity, Managed Care (PPO or POS), or Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). The majority of foreign nationals moving into the U.S. (In-pats) come from countries with socialized medical care and all of these concepts and terms are unfamiliar to them. When contacting medical offices for appointments, most will encounter the question, what type insurance plan do you have? Confusion generates stress for the in-pat family and may contribute to failed assignments.
Bills from Doctors and Hospitals
One area that generates total confusion for foreigners in the U.S. medical system is billing for medical services. The hospital bill, the insurance explanation of benefits, along with co-payments and deductible totally confuse people from socialized medical systems. The terminology is new to them and the level of payment for services is confusing. To reduce stress levels the foreign national should have access to someone to help guide them through the maze of terms and paperwork for medical bills.
Emergencies in the U.S.
The in-pat should understand that for an emergency he should go to the nearest hospital where the medical staff will evaluate and treat the condition or call a specialist to care for the problem. Even knowing to call 911 for emergencies can alleviate stress for the family and especially the trailing spouse. Again, reducing these stressors improves the likelihood of a successful in-pat assignment.
Think of a situation where English is very difficult for the trailing spouse and a child has an accident at home. The parent does not know how to contact emergency assistance and the child is bleeding. Just imagine the panic of the parent. Later, when the parents are together again the family situation can explode suddenly. The trailing spouse blames the working spouse for causing the “mess”. Many stories exist about divorces caused by repeated smaller stresses and minor crises. These situations are costly to the employer in lost productivity and possibly failed assignments.
Just as due diligence reduces risks in business deals and good planning improves the chance of success for projects, so too good preparation of employees for international relocation improves the chances for a productive and successful assignment.

5 Tips to Read Textbooks More Effectively

  1. Engage in Active Reading
    Stay focused and get involved in your reading. Read the review questions then actively seek out the answers to them within the text. Gather information and access that information critically. By using this technique of active reading, you are storing the information you find in your long-term memory.
  2. Increase Your Concentration
    There are a couple of ways to increase your concentration. First, find a quiet place to study. This can be an empty classroom or a quiet bookstore. Second, make a study date. This means that you should clear your schedule to avoid potential distractions. Lastly, let others know your plans. Your friends and family are less likely to intrude on you when they know you’re busy studying. Putting a ‘Do Not Disturb’ sign on your door may help.
  3. Manage Your Time
    Do not over-extend yourself. Don’t try to read, say, all 300 pages of your assigned reading in one sitting. Break down your reading assignment into smaller sections and schedule times (study dates) to read them. This makes the whole process a lot less overwhelming and a lot more manageable.
  4. Keep an Eye Out for Signal Words
    Signal words are cues within the text that should be treated as ‘red flags’. These cues let us know that the following material is important and should be paid attention to. Some signal words and phrases include: ‘Key Features’, ‘especially relevant’, ‘a significant factor’, ‘noteworthy’, and ‘of primary concern’.
  5. Start With Difficult Material
    Always start with the most difficult material. You will have the most energy at the beginning of your studies; this is the perfect time to get the hard stuff out of the way. Difficult material is also good to read over more than once. So if you read it at the beginning of your studies, then again at the end; you will have a much better chance at remembering that material. Also, reading out loud id known to help make difficult concepts more clear.